AMSCO World History Chapter 27 Vocabulary

when the civilian population in London and other cities withstood months of relentless bombing

giving in to the demands of another country in hopes of keeping peace

when Hitler first formed a military pact with Fascist Italy

Germany created a military alliance with Japan based on mutual distrust of communism

The alliances among the 3 nations:

Hitler's plan to bring Austria under German rule (as the next step in the creation of the new German Empire)

the British prime minister, argued that a policy of appeasement would keep the peace and put an end to Hitler's demands for more land

A Polish port in which Hitler wanted to take over just for the mere excuse to invade Poland

Germany and the Soviets agreed not to attack one another

when Japanese soldiers killed or raped many Chinese in the city of Nanjing for a 6 week period (a.k.a. rape of Nanjing)

lightning war; a strategy by Hitler to quickly subdue Poland

set up by the Nazis in France; under the leadership of Marshall Henri Petain to run the southern half of the country on Germany's behalf

The U.S. promised delivery of 50 destroyers in exchange for 8 British air and naval bases in the Western Hemisphere

the U.S. gave up all pretensions of neutrality by lending war materials to Britain

the German air force

initially targeting military bases, the Germans turned to bombing British cities after the British Royal Force conducted a raid on Berlin

The U.S. naval base which Japan launched a surprise air attack on, resulted in the U.S. joining the war

a.k.a "Desert Fox", a general who led German troops in Egypt and threatened to take the northern city of Alexandra

The British defeated general Rommel

a Soviet counteroffensive successfully defeated the cream of Hitler's military, the German Sixth Army

when the U.S. navy stopped a Japanese fleet set to invade Australia

When the Allied naval forces demonstrated their superiority in the Pacific by destroying 4 Japanese aircraft carriers

A strategy used by Douglas MacArthur

The U.S. general who controlled the Allied forces in the Pacific

Ships that allowed planes to take off and land from their decks at sea

when Allied forces (numbering about 150,000) launched an amphibious invasion from England and landed on the beaches of Normandy in northern France

was fought in the Ardennes Forest across parts of France, Belgium, and Luxembourg

the largest tank battle of the war; was fought about 300 miles south of Moscow

Marked the official end of the war in Europe; a.k.a Victory in Europe Day

A Japanese city in which the U.S. Air Force dropped the first atomic bomb; resulted in more than 100,000 deaths of civilians

Another Japanese city in which the U.S. Air force dropped the second atomic bomb; resulted in another 40,000 immediate civilian deaths

Truman designated September 2, the day of the formal surrender ceremonies (after the devastating nuclear attacks), as Victory over Japan Day

The leader of the Nazi special police

Great Britain, U.S., and the Soviet Union

The Soviet leader Joseph Stalin revealed his distrust of his allies

The final meeting between the Big Three; held in Germany in July 1945

The campaign that eliminated the entire Jewish population; Jews were the single largest group targeted by the Nazis

Written by Hitler in which he declared his extreme anti-Semitic views

Banned Jews from certain professions and certain schools

in 1938, Jews throughout Germany and Austria were beaten and more than 90 were killed; their homes, shops, and synagogues were looted and smashed

Special sections of cities in which Jews were forced to live