the term for a corporation that allowed investors to pul their financial resources to establish colonies
Joint-Stock Company
a royal document that granted a specific group the right to form a colony and guaranteed settlers their rights as a English settler
charter
the term for people obligated to forced labor for a fixed number of years in return for passage to the New World
indentured servant
primary staple crop of early Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina
tobacco
the only southern colony with a slave majority
South Carolina
the primary plantation crop of South Carolina
grain (rice)
the colony founded as a safe haven for Catholics
Maryland
the site of the first permanent english colony
Jamestown, Virginia
founded as a buffer between Spain and the English colonies; debtors and criminals were sent here by the English
Georgia
an agreement by the Pilgrims to establish a civil body politic and submit to majority rule
Mayflower Compact
the basic political institution of New England in which all freemen gathered to elect officials and debate local affairs
town meeting
a plan by the Puritan ministers to offer partial church membership through baptism
Halfway Covenant
small but profitable trade route that linked New England, Africa, and the West Indies
Triangular Trade
an emotional religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s
The Great Awakening
the dominant religious group in the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritans
religious group that settled primarily in Pennsylvania
Quakers
a rebellion led by angry frontiersmen in Virginia against the governor because he did not offer enough protection against the Indian raids
Bacon's Rebellion
started with adolescent girls and ended with death of 20 people
Salem Witchcraft Trials
a rebirth of languages and sciences throughout Europe as well as colonies
Enlightenment
the period in which the colonies were free to live as they pleased and trade with various countries
Salutary Neglect
the term given to the plan to increase education by requiring towns of 50 or more families to have a primary school
New England Model/Standard
the term given to William Penn's plan to create Pennsylvania as a safe haven for many religions
Holy Experiment
the term given to the concept of farming for survival
subsistance farming
the largest city in all of the colonies until the mid 1700s
Philadelphia
the term given to the act that created Maryland as a safe haven to Catholics
Act of Toleration
the term given to those who were predestined for heaven
Saints/Elect
the person who founded Rhode Island as a safe haven for Catholics
Roger Williams
name the first Constitution in America
The Fundamental Order of Connecticut
an alliance formed to provide protection for the northern colonies
New England Confederation
the first government created to control colonies created by the king
Dominion of New England
the founder and governor of Georgia
James Oglethorpe
founder of Maryland
Lord Baltimore/Calverts
the harshest part of the slave trip in which many died because of conditions
Middle Passage
key jobs that made the New England economy
shipbuilders, merchants, farmers
the country which originally claimed New York
Netherlands/Dutch
the colonies that comprise the New England region
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire
the colonies that comprise the Middle region
Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware
the colonies that comprise the the Chesapeake region
Virginia, Maryland
the colonies that comprise the Southern region
Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina
reasons for the settlement of North America
religion, gold (money), abundant amount of criminals, glory, land, resources
the culture of Indian peoples was shaped primarily by these two traditions:
the practice of foraging and farming
among the MOST important contributions that the Spanish made to the New World in the continental exchange was/were:
domesticated animals and livestock
the MOST important reason for the population decline that occurred in native population in the wake of the Spanish conquest
disease
by establishing a "frontier of inclusion" the Spanish developed communities:
of large-mixed ancestry groups
French interest in the Indians was based primarily in
commercial concerns
the cultivation of tobacco by the English colonists
created pressure for more expansion into Indian territory
the Plymouth colony was
a successful and strong community
the Puritans were unique in the seventeenth century colonies of North America because of their
impressive educational system
the LEAST true of community life in the Chesapeake of the 1600s
colonists were developing a distinctive American culture
Maryland was the only English colony in North America with a substantial MINORITY of
Catholics
About half of the slaves imported to the New World between 1701 and 1810 were delivered to
the Caribbean Basin
Before the 1730s, the most profitable activity of the early Carolina economy was
the Indian slave trade
During the 18th century, the middle colonies exhibited certain characteristics that distinguished them from New England. Among these was/were
high rates of mobility
English authority made the Church of England the official state religion in
the Chesapeake colonies
Eighteenth century slave masters were reluctant to allow their slaves to become Christians because
they feared Christianity would give the slaves dangerous ideas about freedom
the majority of farmers of eighteenth century North America were interested in
small self-sufficient communities
an Enlightenment thinker would emphasize that
humans were capable of understanding natural laws and using them to improve their condition
the Great Awakening had its deepest effects in
the young people
