AP World Chapter 32

Agreements that exempted Europeans from Ottoman law. Humiliated Ottoman officials

Wanted to remodel his army after European forces. New European instructors threatened Janissaries who revolted and locked up the sultan.

Rebellion inspired by Hong Xiuquan. Called for the destruction of the Qing dynsasty. Included: no private property, no foot binding/concubines, communal wealth, free public education, literacy.(Some wanted industrial society)

Started industrialization in Russia. Made trans-Siberian railway.

Russia tried to expand, but failed. Showed weakness of empire because it could not beat Europe.

Opposed Tanzimat and wanted: local autonomy, political decentralization, and individual freedom. Constiutional government

The Emancipation of Serfs

Ruled Ottoman empire as a until the Young Turks sent him into exile. ruined constiution and stood by Tanzimat

"Reorganization era" Had reforms such as commercial code, penal code, maritime code, and new civil code. (public trials, right to privacy,and equality before law,sep of church and state)

Called for universal suffrage, equality before law, freedom of religion, free public education, sep of church and state, emancipation of women. Established Mehmed V Rashid as puppet sultan

The key to social reform in Russia. Some people moraly didn't want turks, many believed it was economically ineffective. Abolished by Alexander II

Freed serfs hated factory work, even as industrialism grew

elected district assemblies

Russia's 1st parliamentary government

the son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that abolished serfdom

Peaceful until Russian soldiers inadvertently opened fire on demonstrators, turning them against the tsar. Possibly the start of the Revolution.

Destroyed opium trade, ignited opium war

killed Alexander II

A conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over Manchuria and Korea

Last tsar of Russia, he went to the frontlines in WWI to try to rally the troops, but was forced to abdicate after his wife made horrible decisions under the influence of Rasputin

War between Britain and the Qing Empire, occasioned by the Qing's refusal to permit the import of opium. the victorious british imposed the one-sided treaty of nanking

A late 19th century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways

Distrust among foreign powers

Believed that foreign powers were pushing for her retirement, through her support behind anti foreign Boxer Rebellion

Built powerful army he drafter peasants and established himself as ruler of Egypt

Selims cousin, followed through with European style army and killed rebellious Janissaries

Plan for new turkish state post Abdul. free exercise of religion, etc.

leading figure in the Hundred days reform, wanted to industrialize china and Guangxu listened. tried to turn china into constitutional monarchy. killed by cixi

Also leading figure in hundred days reform. killed by cixi

Boxer rebels supported by Cixi

Most important journey to europe to study foreign constitutions. drew inspiration from German

The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa SHogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism

U.S naval squadron led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry

Taiping, Tungan, Muslim, Nian..19th

Shoguns advisor. cancelled debts of samurai and daimyo, abolished merchant guilds, and compelled peasants to cultivate rice- most reforms were ineffective

Back bone of imperial forces broken down and masterminded palace coups. neglected military and ignored advances in technology

Lin Zexu