Mongols
people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the tang empire, living as nomads in northern eurasia. after 1206 they established an enormous empire under genghis khan, linking western and eastern eurasia. >(p. 325)
Manchus
Federation of Northeast Asian peoples who founded the Qing Empire. (p. 556)
Forbidden City
The walled section of Beijing where emperors lived between 1121 and 1924. A portion is now a residence for leaders of the People's Republic of China. (p. 355)
Qing Kangxi
great emperor of chinese history, tolerant of christians,supported scholars
son of heaven
Title of the ruler of China, first known from the Zhou dynasty. It acknowledges the ruler's position as intermediary between heaven and earth.
infanticide
act of killing an infant
Zheng He
An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa. (pp. 355, 422)
Manila galleons
Heavily armed, fast ships that brought luxury goods from China to Mexico and carried silver from Mexico to China.
"mean people"
Category of people identified as ancient chinas lowest social group who performed unskilled labor
shogun
the head of the military government of Japan in the era of the samurai
daimyo
a japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai
Shinto
the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma
Dutch learning
Western learning embraced by some Japanese in the eighteenth century
Ming dynasty
A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia
eunuchs
castrated males, originally in charge of protection of the ruler's concubines. Eventually had major roles in government, especially in China.
manchu queue
a braid of hair at the back of the head, braided ponytail that Chinese men had to wear during the Manchu Dynasty; differences between Chinese and Manchu
Qing Qianlong
reigned over height of Qing; composed more than 100,000 poems; connoisseur of art
scholar-bureaucrat
were civil servants appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance from the Sui Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty.
foot binding
practice in chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household
treasure ships
A fleet of hundreds of ships set out to explore new lands under the ruling of Zhu di and Zheng heduring the Ming Dynasty.
Matteo Ricci
An Italian Jesuit who by his knowledge of Astronomy and science was accepted as a missionary of China
bakufu
Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai
samurai
a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy
Francis Xavier
This was a man who helped Ignatius of Loyola to start the Jesuits. He also was famous for his number of missionaries he went on to promote Christianity