Encomienda System
conquistadors given land and natives on it in exchange for conquering
De Las Casas
History of the Indies, colonists should enslave Africans
Intendency System
Spain would send peninsulares to reassert control
Toussaint L'Overture
Haitian, leads independence movement against French
Hidalgo
Creole priest, leads slavery independence movement in Mexico
Morales
Mestizo priest, leads land reform movement in Mexico
Iturbide
Mexican general who made agreements with rebels he was sent to put down, made himself emperor of Mexico
Bolivar
Wealthy Creole, led army to free northern part of South America
Gran Columbia
idea of united South America, fails because people too regional instead of national
Jose de San Martin
Creole who led independence movements of Argentina and Chile
Dom Pedro
son of Portuguese king, ends slavery
Monroe Doctrine
American policy that said European power could no longer colonize Latin America
positivism
idea that you can solve problems in society with a scientific approach
Comte
writer who believed political stability = economic growth
manifest destiny
idea that U.S. should expand from coast to coast
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
U.S. acquired half of Mexico's territory
La Reforma
Liberal revolt led by Juarez, write new constitution that limited church privilege and tried to give land to natives
Manuel de Rosas
Argentinian leader who united Argentina under federalism
Alberdi
forms strong nation under centralism in Argentina
Sarmiento
Argentinian, foreign investment increased, economy expands, population triples (immigration), railroad, steamships, telegraphs, natives pushed out
Dom Pedro II
Brazilian, had liberal ideas