Black Death
The epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe.
Chinampas
Raised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.
Waru Waru Fields
Fields in which rows are piled up with channels between each row. The channels irrigate the crops and store heat which insulate the crops over night protecting them against frost damage.
Mit'a
Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.
Fictive Kinship
Condition in which people who are not biologically related behave as if they are relatives of a certain type.
Khagan
Title of the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
Turkic
Of or relating to the people who speak the Turkic language,
Chosen Women
Special women of beauty and intelligence helped prepare food for the religious ceremonies.
Firestick Farming
A manipulation of their environment by the Paleolithic peoples of Australia that involved controlled burns to clear underbrush.
Hundred Years War
Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.
Igbo
A member of the largest ethnic group in southeastern Nigeria.
Pochteca
Special merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items.
Renaissance
The revival of learning and culture.
Khanate
The position of a Khan.
