Identify the FALSE statement
Time zones are 15 degrees of latitude wide
Before the development of isotopic dating methods, scientists estimated the age of the earth using each of the following except
determining the time it takes to create fossils like sharks teeth
Identify the FALSE statement
Charles Lyell correctly explained how fossils form and formulated some of the basic principles of relative dating
Identify the FALSE statement. Nicolas Steno's observations of fossil shark teeth convinced him that
the physical processes that produce geologic features of today operated in the past to produce the same types of geologic features
Uniformitarianism
is illustrated by scientists' seeing pillow lava form only underwater, then theorizing that pillow lava found high in the mountains today did nevertheless form underwater
AN area of slightly dipping sedimentary rock layers has large inclusions and is intruded by an igneous dike. Apply the basic principles of determining relative ages and identify the FALSE statement
the dike is older than the sedimentary rock layers it cuts across
If the first (oldest) even is number 1, and the last (most recent) is number 8, which occurred fifth in the sequence?
intrusion (batholith G)
Identify the FALSE statement. William smith's observations
noted that a fossil species could disappear then reappear in much younger strata
Which of the following statements is FALSE? The principle of
inclusions says rock containing inclusions is older than the inclusions
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
an unconformity is a break in the rock record that indicates the area was underwater for million of years
On the diagram shown, several surfaces between rock layers are identified by letters. Choose the answer below that correctly identifies the unconformities
C and E
What type of unconformity forms when sedimentary rocks overlie either igneous or metamorphic rocks?
nonconformity
The four columns in this diagram represent fossil-bearing sedimentary rock layers at four different sites. The sedimentary layers are continuous except at the zigzag lines, which represent unconformities. Compare the sites, determine the relative ages of the fossils, and then identify the FALSE statement
the reptile fossils are the second youngest fossils shown
In 1815, William Smith correlated strata from many locations and plotted it on paper to show the spatial distribution of rock units on Earth's surface. This document was the first modern
geologic map
The boundary surface between two stratigraphic formations is called a
contact
Which of the following shows the four time divisions listed from oldest to youngest?
precambrian, paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic
Choose the proper listing of names to fit the following three descriptions: Age of mammals, age of dinosaurs, and the longest geologic time period
cenozoic, mesozoic, precambiran
Which of the following accurately ranks the subdivisions of geologic time in order from largest to smallest?
eon, era, period, epoch
Which of the following is NOT a method to determine numerical age?
cross-cutting relations
Which of the following statements is FALSE? On the diagram shown
there are equal amounts of parent and daughter material present after the passage of two half-lives
Identify the FALSE statement. Radiometric dating
can be used only if there's some uranium
Which of the following methods of determining the age of materials is a radiometric dating technique
fissions track analysis
A hominin (human family) skull was found in a shale layer between two fine-grained igneous rock layers. There were no baked zones on the rocks above the igneous layers. The skull had been 100% fossilized and changed to stone; there was no original skull material left. On the basis of this information and the diagram, decide which of the following statements is FALSE
the skull should be dated by the carbon-14 method, since this is the method used for organic material older than 1 million years
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
scientists can date any radioactive material back only three half-lives; after this there's not enough parent material left to measure
A corpse with flesh intact, found in the Alps in 1991, was dated by the carbon-14 method and showed a parent-daughter isotope ratio of approximately 1:1, with slightly ore parent material than daughter material. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
the age could logically by 5300 years
A radioactive isotope of the element potassium decays to produce argon. If the ratio of argon to potassium is found to be 7:1, how many half-lives have occurred?
3 half-lives
Charcoal (burned wood) that was used to make prehistoric drawings on cabe walls in France was scraped off and analyzed. The results were 4 mg carbon-14 (parent isotope) and 60 mg nitrogen (daughter isotope). The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. How old are the cabe drawings?
22,920 years
If you equate all Earth history to one calendar year, the history of our species (Homo sapiens) would occupy
the last hour before midnight on New Years Even
Geologists estimate that the age of the Earth is 4.54 billion years old, based on
isotopic dating of meteorites thought to be from primitive solids of the early Solar system
What is the difference between numerical age and relative age?
Numerical age is the time before the present, while relative age places events in sequential order
A stratigraphic formation is
a layer of specific rock types
Why are we not able to date sedimentary rocks directly
sedimentary rocks are younger than their composite minerals
Which of the following principles of relative age-dating is NOT illustrated in the figure below?
cross-cutting relations
