Chapter 12 AP World Vocab

Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million

Member of prominent northern Chinese family during period of Six Dynasties; proclaimed himself emperor; supported by nomadic peoples of northern China; established Sui dynasty

Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618

Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassinatin of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu

Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million; larger than any other city in the world at the time

Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars

Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office

Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddihism; popular among masses of Chinese society

Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation of appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society

Known as Chan in China; stressed meditation of appreciation of natural and artistic beauty

Tang ruler 690-705 C.E. in China; supported Buddhism establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state of religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created

Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian idealology

Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755 though he encouraged overexpansion

Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into royal administration led to revolt

(r. 960-976) Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following the fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent

Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song Dynasty in China

Nomadic peoples of Manchuria; militarily superior to Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century

(1130-1200) Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action

Revived ancient Confucian teachings in Song era China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences/

Rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China; one of regional kingdoms during period of southern song; conquered by Mongols in 1226

Kingdom of Tangut people, north of Song kingdom, in mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasantry

Confucian scholar and cheif minister of Song empire in 1070s; introduced sweepin reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society

Founders of the Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south

Kingdom north of the Song Empire; established by Jurchens in 1115 after overthrowing Liao dynasty; ended 1234

Rump state of the Song Dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song; culturally one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history

Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula

Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency

Practice in Chinese societyto mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to household

Most famous poet of the Tang Era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings