Chapter 14 Vocab – AP World History

Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected

Title of the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes

Basic fighting units of the Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen; each unit was further divided into units of 1000, 100 and 10

Capital of the Mongol empire under Chinggis Khan, 1162 to 1227

ruler of the Golden Horde; one of Chinggis Khan's grandsons; responsible for invasion of Russia beginning in 1236

(1186-1241) Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father's death

One of the four subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death, orignally ruled by his grandson Batu; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia

Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan

Russian army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde; helped break Mongol hold over Russia

In legends popular from 12th to 17th centuries, a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom was cut off from Europe by Muslim conquests; Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this mythical ruler

(1223-1277) Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260; originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians

(1257-1266) A ruler of the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests into the Middle East

(1215-1294) Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of Mongol forces responsible for conquest of China; became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271

Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing

Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interests of Buddhists in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese; died c. 1281

Chinese novel written during the Yuan period; indicative of continued literary vitality of China during Mongol rule

Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule

(1368-1398) Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty

Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China

Also known as Tamerlane; leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405