Chapter 20 Vocab – AP World History

European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce

Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa

King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom

Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola

Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia

Term utilized within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave

Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe

Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650

member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms

Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool

Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves

Nilotic people who migrated from Upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro

Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto

Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal

Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa

New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane

Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government

Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas (16th-18th centuries); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture

Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black

American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation

African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands

African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people

African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti

Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan

Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America, location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrilla resistence

British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807