Chapter 3 World History

On Indian subcontinent; cut off from Asia by Himalayan Mts.

Major Cities at were well planned with wide roads, water systems and storage houses

Aryans great works of religious literature

Priest who conduct Indo-Aryan religious rituals

Collection of explanations and teachings that became basis for Hindu religion

Form of social organization; 4 classes called Varnas

Untouchable class; lowest caste class

Illusion that we see the world as

Soul is reborn over an over to reject Maya

Doing one's moral duty so soul can advance to next life

Brought much of the year's rainfall to most of India

Entered India in 1750BC; Shaped social structure and religious development

Aryan language

Protected from invasions; hold on to ways of life

Poems based on historical or religious themes; Two main ones = Mahabharata and Ramayana

3000 different jati; born into it, could not change and determined your job

Founder of Buddhism, called Buddha

Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path

Theravada, Mahayana

Good or bad force created by a person's action

Perfect peace

seen as sacred

1st to try to unify much of India

Ruler who expanded Mauryan Empire to include nearly all of India; Living conditions improved under his rule

Established Mauryan Empire as Magadha was declining

Ruler who reigned during the golden age of the Gupta Empire

Arts, science and learning flourished in the Gupta society

Had some rights, but not equal to men

Widows committed suicide by throwing themselves on top of their husbands flaming funeral pyres

Famous Buddhist University

Inoculation, Plastic Surgery, Bone Setting, Disinfection, Spinal Cord Knowledge

Gave much power to local leaders

Having more than one wife

Dome shaped shrine for Buddha

Mathematician who was one of the first to use Algebra

Dry highland that makes up southern 2/3rds of India

Princes who led tribes in India

Teacher

Developed by a religious leader called mahavira

Jainism practice that involves nonviolence towards all living things