Chapter 37

A patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure has an arterial blood oxygen level (PaO2) of 89%. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document a reduced oxygenation of arterial blood?

A patient with a 25-year history of smoking is diagnosed with emphysema. Physical assessment reveals an increased anterior-posterior chest diameter. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this finding?

The health care provider suspects a newly admitted client may have a hemothorax. The client most likely experienced:

A client with primary lung disease has developed right heart failure. The health care provider would document this as:

Which of the following clients is at risk for developing acute respiratory failure?

Pain is an expected assessment finding in patients who have which of the following lung diseases?

A man sustained a puncture injury to his chest that caused a tension pneumothorax to form. This is a life-threatening condition because:

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder involving the secretion of fluids in specific exocrine glands. The genetic defect in CF inclines a person to chronic respiratory infections from a small group of organisms. Which organisms create chronic infection in a child with cystic fibrosis?

There can be many reasons for a client to present with hypoxemia. For a client's PO2 to fall, a respiratory disease is usually involved. Often, clients have involvement from more than one mechanism. Which of the following will result in hypoxemia? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for the following clients. Select the client at highest risk for the development of atelectasis.

A 51-year-old man has been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis after a long history of recurrent coughing. Which of the man's following statements demonstrates a sound understanding of his new diagnosis?

The nurse needs to assess the oxygen status of a client who is suddenly experiencing shortness of breath. The most appropriate noninvasive measurement techniques would be:

The parents of a child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) ask about the risk of any future children having the condition. How should the nurse respond?

Which of the following clients is at risk for developing a preventable disorder related to prolonged immobility?

A car accident client is admitted with a chest tube following pneumothorax. He also has an elevated blood alcohol level. When the nurse enters his room, she notes the client is dyspneic, short of breath, and holding his chest tube in his hand. When the nurse pulls the linens back, she finds a "sucking" chest wound. After calling a "code blue," the next priority intervention would be to:

A 10-year-old male is experiencing an acute exacerbation of his asthma. The most appropriate treatment for this client would be:

Soon after delivery, the mother grabs the nurses arm and states, "Something's wrong...I can't get my breath." Which of the following assessments lead the nurse to suspect the client has had an amniotic emboli travel to the lungs? Select all that apply.

An elderly client who has been restricted to bed by numerous comorbidities for several weeks has been diagnosed with a large pleural effusion. Which of the following treatment modalities is most likely to resolve the client's most recent health problem?

A client has just been admitted to the postsurgical unit following a below-the-knee amputation. Which of the following measures should her care team prioritize to prevent atelectasis during the client's immediate recovery?

Acute-onset bronchial asthma causes wheezing and breathlessness as a result of which of the following?

Unilateral chest pain associated with respiratory movements is usually described as which of the following?

The nurse determines that the client has clubbing of the fingertips. Which is the best intervention?

A nursing student asks if a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is at risk if he receives oxygen at a level that increases the PO2 above 60 mm Hg. The best response would be:

Oxygen has been prescribed for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Select the most appropriate treatment for the client.

A toddler seems to have a little "cold" and runny nose. At bedtime, he appears to be OK. A few hours later, parents awaken hearing a "tight" coughing sound. They recognize the child is not breathing well, so they rush to the emergency department. On arrival, the nurses suspect bronchial asthma based on which of the following assessment data? Select all that apply.

A child is brought to the emergency department struggling to breathe with a prolonged bronchospasm and severe hypoxemia. Assessment revealed the use of accessory muscles, a weak cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is most likely to precipitate an asthmatic attack in a child with a diagnosis of extrinsic, or atopic, asthma?

An elderly patient who was recently diagnosed with emphysema asks the nurse what caused the disease. Which of the following statements is the best response?

The parents of a child with cystic fibrosis ask the nurse to explain the sweat test performed on their newborn. How should the nurse respond?

A child is brought to the emergency department with an asthma attack. Assessment revealed the use of accessory muscles, a weak cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia. Which of the following drugs will the nurse anticipate administering first?

A patient is admitted with pneumoconiosis. His history most likely reveals which of the following?

Which factors increase the risk that a client will develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Select all that apply.

Which are the earliest manifestations that a client is developing hypoxemia? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with pneumonia. The client's arterial blood gas results identify decreased level oxygen in the arterial blood and a decreased in the partial pressure of oxygen. The nurse would interpret this as:

Which manifestations are most common in clients with COPD that is predominantly emphysema? Select all that apply.

A young, male child is born with severe respiratory failure. Over the course of months, the parents note his body looks swollen. They ask, "Is our baby's kidneys not working right? Why is he so swollen?" The nurse bases his or her reply on which of the following physiological principles?

A pulmonary embolism occurs when there is an obstruction in the pulmonary artery blood flow. Classic signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism include dyspnea, chest pain, and increased respiratory rate. What is a classic sign of pulmonary infarction?

A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Which of the following symptoms would most likely be present?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a combination of disease processes. What disease processes have been identified as being part of COPD?

Bronchiectasis is considered a secondary COPD, and, with the advent of antibiotics, it is not a common disease entity. In the past, bronchiectasis often followed specific diseases. Which disease did it not follow?

A client tells the nurse that he is concerned he may be developing chronic bronchitis and asks how the diagnosis is made. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be:

A child is brought to the emergency department with an asthma attack. Assessment revealed the use of accessory muscles, a weak cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia. Which of the following drugs will the nurse anticipate administering first?

A client has developed chronic hypoxia and has developed pulmonary hypertension (HTN). The nurse recognizes that the most likely cause of pulmonary hypertension would be:

A client is brought to the emergency department and immediately diagnosed with a tension pneumothorax. The priority intervention would be:

The nurse is caring for four clients. Select the client at risk for the development of a pulmonary embolism.

Atelectasis is the term used to designate an incomplete expansion of a portion of the lung. Depending on the size of the collapsed area and the type of atelectasis occurring, the nurse may see a shift of the mediastinum and trachea. Which way does the mediastinum and trachea shift in compression atelectasis?

What manifestations would the nurse expect to find when assessing a client with a right pleural effusion? Select all that apply.

A patient recently had surgery for a hip fracture. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most effective for preventing pulmonary emboli in this patient?

Three days following surgical repair of a hip fracture a client becomes anxious and complains of sudden shortness of breath. What disorder is the client most likely experiencing?

For a client with which of the following is the use of oxygen at a rate above 2 L/minute inappropriate?

An asthmatic patient comes to the emergency department very anxious due to increasing shortness of breath. Physical assessment reveals tachypnea, and an arterial blood gas shows decreased carbon dioxide levels and hypoxemia. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

What intervention is appropriate for a client with sarcoidosis?

Common results of respiratory failure are hypoxemia and which of the following?

Which alteration in acid-base balance could be expected as a compensatory response for a client with severe chronic respiratory impairment?

A newly admitted critical head injury client presents to the neuro-ICU. The client is unresponsive to painful stimuli but able to breathe on his own. As the shift progresses, the nurses note a decrease in the client's respiratory effort. The client cannot maintain his O2 saturation above 70%. The nurses should anticipate assisting in beginning what type of pulmonary support?

A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Which of the following symptoms would most likely be present?

Which manifestations are most common in clients with COPD that is predominantly chronic bronchitis? Select all that apply.