Criminology Test 3

its onset, continuation, and termination

increases propensity to crime

as a dynamic process

the authority conflict pathway

at birth or soon after

seperate

those exposed to violence in the home and who live in a neighborhood with high violence rates

premeditation

robbers are rational decision makers who look for easy prey

guerillas

insurgents

occasional criminals

the victims willingly give their posessions to the offender

because the potential for harm to the occupants is significant

joyriding

the natural history of a criminal career, its onset, the course it follows, and its termination

reflecting the view that criminality is a dynamic process, influenced by many characteristics, traits, and experiences, and that behavior changes accordingly overtime

relationships and behaviors

a cluster of antisocial behvaiors that may include family dysfunction, substance abuse, precocious sexuality, physical abuse, education, underachievement, suicide attempts, unemployment - crime is a social problem rather than a result of other social problems

begins with early stubborn behavior and defiance of parents

begins with minor underhanded behavior and progressed to property damage and theft

begins with minor agression, leads to physical fighting, and eventually ends with violent crime

crime is controlled by a master trait, present at birth or soon after that remains stable and unchanging throughout a persons lifetime

discrete factors influence people at different stages in their development, so the propensity to commit crimes is neither stable nor unyielding

life events that alter criminal behavior

positive life sustaining relations with institutions, places, ect..

impulsive personality, lack of self control, act and offender (seperated)

logic behind theory is circular

Unlawful killing of a human with malice (wish to do harm) aforethought

premeditation & deliberation

disregard for the victims life and their desire to inflict bodily harm to the victim results in the victims death

homicide without wish to do harm

killing commited in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel that provoked violence

killing that occurs when a persons acts are negligent and without regard for the harm they may cause - drunk driving

someone you know unless its a robbery or drug deal

person who kills 3 or more people in 3 or more seperate events

killing of 4 or more by one or a few assailants with a single even - columbine

killer of multiple victims whose murders ocur over a relatively short span of time and often have no pattern

offensive touching, slapping, hitting or punching

attempted battery or intentionally frightening a victim by word or deed

taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody or control of people by force or theat of force or violence and or putting the victim in fear

often not taken seriously by courts, add more

people who systematically attack or threaten violence for political demands

nationalist or localist groups that engage in civil war against a soverign power that holds control of land

worked in large cities

movers and shakers

illegally killed game

do not define themselves by a criminal role or view, motivated by inducement, oppurtunity or need.

offenders who make a significant portion of their income from crime

taking for ones own use the property of another, by means other than force or threats on the victim or forcible breaking into a persons home or workplace

when a person voluntarily gives up physical custody of their property by retain legal ownership

theft or a small amount of money or property, punished as a misdemeanor

theft of money or property of substantial value, pnished as a felony

professional shoplifter who steals with intention of reselling stolen merchandise

allows employees to apprehend someone who looks suspicious

showing fake merchandise such as a cardboard VCR to prevent stealing

locking up valuables

stable feature, characteristic property or condition present at birth or soon after, that makes some people crime prone

all human behavior, including criminality, is determined by its perceieved consequences. A criminal incident occurs when an individual chooses over conventional behvaior. They assume that both biological and psychological traits influence the choice between crime and non crime.

people with limited self-control tend to be insensitive to other peoples feelings - predisposed to physical rather than mental solutions, the root cause is inadequate child-rearing

the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will

focus on evolutionary, biological aspects of male sexual drive. Some say its a form of socialization. Rape arises primarily from a desire to inflict pain and humilation, but there is evidence that at least some rapists have sexual feelings for their victims

proving guilt in rape case is extremely challenging. Its essential to prove that the attack was forced and that the victim did not give consent.

many chose victims who are already involved in illegal behaviors (ex. drug dealers). Also, females likely attack females.

violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of another group because they are a diff race

specific person, repeated physical proximity, nonconsensual communication, written or implied theats

3rd leading cause of occupational injury or death

use of violence to replace the existing government with a regime that holds acceptible political or religious views

directed at people who are opposite to the terrorists ideology

promotes interests of a minority ethnic group that believes it has been persecuted under majority rule

impose their social and religious code on others

represenative government regime forces its citizens into obedience, oppress minorities, and stifles political dissent

violence in an effort to slow down developers who they believe are threatening the environment or harming animals

common-law crimes such as drug dealing or kidnapping

no single personality trait, some hold extreme ideologies and schooling, people who engage in state-sponsored terrorism are highly susceptible to unquestioning submission to authority

responsible for analyzing and integrating all intelligence

reformation of priorities, making protection from terrorists the first

responsible for preventing terrorist attacks within united states

commit majoirty of economic crimes

theft $100-500 , misdemanor

theft over $500, felony

spur of the moment, for personal use

involves tricking victims into giving up their goods or money under false pretenses

involves people taking something that was temporarily entrusted to them, ex. bank tellers stealing money for themselves

steal cars to sell valuable parts

joy riders who borrom cars for short term transportation

pro theives. involves planning and risk. Size up value of crime and balance it against risks. Learn from other pros.

steal cars to supplement income, work alone, start younger, more likely to repeat offenses

more likely to work with a partner

malicious burning of a home or thing. burn commerical buildings for profit. Onwers of commerical buildings may resort to arson to get rid of outdated inventory, to qualify for government redevelopment funds, to collect insurance, to claim loss of merchandise already sold, or to eliminate compeition