When schools refer to students with disabilities, they mean students who ________.
Receive special education services according to federal/state guidelines
Each of the following is true about the requirement for a free appropriate education for students with disabilities EXCEPT ________.
Some special settings in school may require a cost to parents
One of the outcomes of the civil rights movement of the 1960s directly led to the passage of ________.
Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Because of the unique learning, especially in the domain of communication, these students are likely to receive special education services beginning at birth.
deaf -blindness
Which of the following is not a related service?
assistive technology
Detailed and frequent assessment of students' progress, made to determine if student learning is accelerating and the gap between the student's functioning and that considered typical is becoming smaller, is ________.
progress monitoring
Introduced for the first time in the 2004 reauthorization of IDEA, an approach for exploring whether students have learning disabilities is ________.
response to intervention
Which of the following students receive services under IDEA?
children who exhibit significant developmental delays
Which of the following is not a characteristic of ADHD?
aggressive behavior
When a student has extraordinary difficulties communicating for reasons other than maturation, they are typically diagnosed with ________.
speech or language impairments
Which of the following is not an accountability requirement of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001?
assessment results reported only in terms of percentiles
Which of the following legal cases was crucial in establishing the principles of inclusive practices?
Oberti v. Board of Education of Clementon School District
What is true about giving students positive feedback for learning strategy usage?
Praise students only when they produce work that is praiseworthy.
Students are taught to use language to guide their performance using ________.
self -instruction
"LAMPS" is ________.
a strategy for regrouping and carrying in addition
Which strategy is used for revising essays?
SCAN
Effective self -advocacy training ________.
helps students learn their strengths and weaknesses
"POWER" is a strategy that ________.
helps students organize themselves to carry out all steps in the writing process
Self -instruction is a strategy that helps students ________.
learn to use language to guide or talk themselves through a task
Which note -taking strategy is recommended for students who have difficulty maintaining their level of attention?
TASSELL
Controlled materials ________.
are relatively free of complex vocabulary
Giving students verbal cues when they are first practicing a learning strategy is a part of ________.
guided practice
Lisa frequently makes careless errors on her math homework. In order to help herself, she has made a card with a series of questions, similar to a check list. A few items included on Lisa's list are: "Have you copied the problem correctly?" "Have you checked all of the signs in the problem?" and "Have you followed the order of operations?" Which strategy is Lisa using?
self -questioning
Skills that help student make decisions and direct their own behavior to achieve their goals are ________.
self -advocacy skills
What accommodations may need to be made when using performance -based tests for students with special needs?
Teach students with special needs preskills for problem solving.
Individualizing grading is legal for students with disabilities as long as the ________ that comprise them appear on the student's IEP.
modifications
Jocelyn, a student with a learning disability, has trouble remembering large amounts of information for tests. Jocelyn's teacher decides to make Jocelyn responsible only for the key terms in the chapter. Therefore, Jocelyn's test has only 25 questions compared to the 50 questions for the rest of the class. Jocelyn answered 24 questions correctly and received an "A" for the test. Jocelyn's teacher ________.
changed the grading criteria for Jocelyn
Special needs students may need to be taught how to use ________, including studying for tests, taking objective tests and writing essay answers.
test taking skills
Which of the following statement is true regarding performance -based assessment?
Students may utilize flexible timing.
A mnemonic device that uses visual imagery to make definitions and factual information more meaningful is ________.
the keyword method
Ms. Applebee prepared a ________ to help her students know what the important material was for the upcoming test.
study guide
Which of the following is a recommended strategy for taking objective tests?
Consider all the alternatives.
________ is a way of individualizing report -card grades for students with disabilities by taking into account modifications made to grade -level standards.
A standards -based grading model
Each of the following is true regarding how you can simplify language when writing math problems EXCEPT ________.
Change the voice of verbs from active to passive.
Which of the following is a recommended accommodation for test administration?
Give extended time to finish tests.
Which of the following is a recommended test construction modification for students with disabilities?
Add a word bank for fill -in -the -blank questions.
The person who is responsible for managing and coordinating the services a student receives is the ________.
special education teacher
The purpose of the "intervention assistance team" is to ________.
provide a problem solving approach
The specialist most likely to help a student with special needs develop vocabulary, pronounce words or combine words into sentences is the ________.
speech/language therapist
What are the primary roles of the special education teacher?
*They provide direct classroom instruction to students with disabilities. *They write, implement and monitor the Individualized Programs *They manage and coordinate the services a student is to receive.
Represents a problematic, chronic pattern of behavior
Hector disrupts his social studies class daily by arguing with the teacher and he does not complete his daily assignments.
Which of the following is not a right parents have in special education?
Parents have the right to demand special education regardless of the outcome of the assessments
Students who need supplemental instruction for less than 30% of their school day, in addition to what is offered in the general classroom would utilize ________.
a resource room
The specialist who focuses on developing a student's fine motor skills is the ________.
occupational therapist
When the multidisciplinary team makes the placement decisions, they must ________.
provide justification for placement decisions outside of the general education classroom
The role of the social worker in supporting the educational needs and services of students with disabilities is to ________.
act as a liaison between the school and the family
Paraprofessionals ________.
often assist in the delivery of special services for many students
In this placement, a special education teacher has the primary instructional responsibility for the students who receive grades from the special educator for the subjects taught there.
separate class
When developing task goals, team members should remember to be ________.
clear and explicit
The co -teaching approach in which both teachers are equally engaged and share leadership is known as ________.
team teaching
Which of the following steps in the consulting process must come before the others?
The teacher indicates a concern.
To view a situation from another person's perspective is ________.
frame of reference
Planning specifics when engaged in shared problem solving requires collaborative team participants to do all of the following EXCEPT ________.
brainstorm possible solutions to the problem
The step of the shared problem solving process in which the collaborative team considers whether an idea is feasible and will resolve the problem is ________.
evaluating ideas
After a parent -teacher conference, it is important for teachers to complete each of the following......
*write a note to the parents confirming the decisions you made *share the details of the conference with the special education teacher *document the key points of the meeting in writing for future reference
The co -teaching approach in which two teachers take turns, with one leading the lesson and the other gathering data to improve instructional decisions is called ________.
one teach, one observe
Maintenance goals include all of the following
*checking perceptions of team effectiveness *finishing agenda items *beginning and ending meetings on time
Teachers can foster a more positive parental reaction to information regarding their child's disability by ________.
being sensitive to various emotions the parent may experience
Which of the following is not a defining characteristic of collaboration?
Each person must be able to work with others immediately.
Because of the nature of the teacher -paraprofessional partnership, collaboration ________.
may sometimes occur in shared problem solving
Jacob wants to take calculus during his sophomore high school year. His guidance counselor looks at the math courses Jacob has completed to see if he has the necessary academic background. Jacob's guidance counselor understands that in order for Jacob to be successful in calculus, he must ________.
have the necessary prerequisites skills
One reason information obtained from group -administered standardized achievement tests may be inappropriate for making screening decisions is that ________.
the content of a standardized achievement test might not match what is taught in a particular classroom
How quickly a student is able to perform a skill or recall academic material is called student ________.
fluency
The process of gathering information to monitor student progress and make educational decisions if necessary is ________.
assessment
Two common methods of assessment used in making educational decisions for students with special needs are ________.
standardized and high stakes
Group -administered standardized tests ________.
are intended to be used solely as screening measures
Of abilities commonly assessed by psychological tests, which describes the ability to recognize similarities across objects, events and settings?
generalization
Which of the following is often assessed on psychological tests?
comprehension
The primary purpose of psychological tests is to ________.
determine whether a student has an intellectual or a particular learning problem
The ________ typically identifies 6 to 12 percent of a class or grade level who may be experiencing difficulty on particular skill.
median /2
This assessment determines whether a particular student's performance is different enough from peers to require further, more in -depth assessments.
screening
Alternate assessments should ________.
align with state standards
Which of the following is true about direct instruction?
It can be modified for students with sufficient background knowledge or skills.
Inquiry learning is an instructional method that places the learner in the role of ________.
initiator
Which of the following identifies elements in the first step of the INCLUDE strategy, identifying classroom demands?
determine classroom management, physical organization, routines, and climate
Manipulatives and models can benefit students with special needs in each of the following ways EXCEPT ________.
focusing their attention throughout lessons
Which of the following is an example of classroom demands?
physical organization of space
"Instructional methods" includes which of the following?
ways in which teachers present content
Direct instruction involves ________.
guided student practice
Which of the following is an aspect of classroom management?
transition time
Effectively using classroom time includes ________.
meaningful engagement in academic activities
Drill -and -practice software programs are often effectively used with students with special needs for all of the following......
*allow students to learn in small, incremental steps *provide students with immediate, systematic feedback *allow students ample opportunity for practice to mastery
Which of the following is not a strategy recommended for selecting accommodations?
select appropriate accommodations regardless of how they may be perceived by others
The federal category that comprises the largest group of individuals with low -incidence disabilities receiving special education services is ________.
intellectual disabilities
Each of the following is true of students with cerebral palsy .......
*it affects a combination of limbs with varying degrees of severity *about 10,000 infants and preschoolers are diagnosed with cerebral palsy each year *it occurs due to injury to the brain before, during, or after birth
Teachers should use classmates to assist with individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities in all of the following ........
*academic tutoring and modeling social skills *retrieving instructional materials and supplies *answering simple questions or requests
In social interactions, teachers can assist students who are deaf -blind by ________.
interpreting the deaf -blind students behaviors to other students in the classroom
Students with autism spectrum disorder are likely to need ________.
opportunities during the day to work and be alone
What are accommodations for individuals with autism spectrum disorder?
*understanding students' perspectives of behavior *promoting appropriate, positive social interactions *creating a structured, predictable environment
The largest group of students with orthopedic impairments in public schools is ________.
cerebral palsy
When trying to modify the learning environment to support the needs of students with hearing loss, teachers should ________.
support instruction with visual aids
Accommodations for individuals with multiple disabilities differ from individuals with intellectual disabilities in ________.
degree and complexity
Students with visual impairments often struggle academically because they have ________.
fewer opportunities to acquire information
Students with autism spectrum disorder are most likely to communicate orally when they ________.
are in a predictable environment with less stress
In addition to significant difficulty with adaptive behaviors, students with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities generally have IQ scores of ________ or below.
55
Students with learning disabilities have problems learning because they have ________.
trouble processing, organizing and applying information
During class, students with behavioral disorders frequently ________.
engage in aggressive or disruptive behaviors
Teachers can directly teach students with communication disorders listening skills by providing practice in ________.
following directions
Jamie has difficulty being understood when she speaks primarily because she slurs words. Her speech problem is with ________.
articulation
The term dyslexia is used to identify serious difficulties with ________.
reading
When students with learning and behavioral disabilities struggle with spatial organization in math, they may ________.
reverse the order of reading a math problem
Individuals with speech disorders may have life -long emotional problems because they often ________.
experience peer rejection
The largest group of individuals with high -incidence disabilities falls into the federal disability category of ________.
learning disabilities
The primary goal of successful language programs is to help students with communication disorders to ________.
use appropriate language in a variety of social and academic situations
To accommodate students with communication disorders, teachers should create a learning atmosphere of acceptance by ________.
reinforcing even attempts to communicate
Individuals with emotional disturbances have problems learning primarily because of ________.
external or internal behavioral adjustment problems
Which of the following is not a reason why students have social skills problems?
They focus too much on the feelings of those with whom they interact
Creating a school environment for collaborating with parents can be accomplished by ________.
developing home learning activity packets related to your learning objectives
The term that refers to situations in which the caregivers fail to provide the necessary support for a child's well -being is ________.
neglect
Marie often appears forgetful and tends to lose things. She has difficulty sustaining attention event in play activities. Maria also has difficulty organizing tasks, often making careless mistakes in her schoolwork. It is most likely that Maria has ________.
ADHD -predominantly inattentive type
Bernie talks excessively and frequently interrupts students. He seems to fidget constantly. His teacher has a very difficult time keeping Bernie in his seat and he has a difficult time waiting for his turn when playing games. It is most likely that Bernie has ________.
ADHD -predominantly hyperactive -impulsive type
Which of the following behavior interventions is not recommended for dealing with students with ADHD?
seat the student with ADHD near the back of the room
Which of the following is a feature of IDEA, but NOT of Section 504?
contains detailed hearing rights and requirements
Creating a classroom where students' cultures are acknowledge and valued is a fundamental characteristic of ________.
multicultural education
A disorder characterized by chronic and serious inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity is ________.
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Which of the following groups of children is least likely to be considered at risk for school failure?
children who are quiet
How would a teachers response work best with students with ADHD?
"Tony, put your pencil down on your desk and raise your hand."
Children born to mothers who drink heavily during pregnancy may be born with ________.
fetal alcohol syndrome
What is the most frequently prescribed type of medication for students with ADHD?
stimulants
When a textbook is not written clearly, students with special needs ________.
do not ask questions and do not employ strategies to clarify the information
Parental tutoring of elementary school -aged children should consist of sessions no longer than ________.
15 minutes
Which of the following is a true statement concerning practice activities?
Students should be able to complete practice activities independently.
Which of the following homework strategies is best for students with special needs?
Give homework on skills that students can already perform.
________ allows more student opportunities for practice and recitation
Unison responding
_______ consist of a series of statements, some of which may not be true, related to the material the student is about to read.
Anticipation guides
Jolene and her classmates learned about the planets of the solar system in October. But when her class was discussing space travel in December, Jolene could not remember any of the planets' names or locations. Jolene has a problem with ________.
retention
Which of the following is a suggested guideline for using the INCLUDE strategy?
ensure the questions match the instructional level
A general term for outlines, abstracts or questions that emphasize important information in the textbook is ________.
study guide
What is true about graphic organizers and special needs students?
They confuse special needs students
Ms. DuBois stated orally the steps that students needed to do to complete the day's math problems. Ms. DuBois then assigned the students ten problems to complete independently at their seats. Soon, Ms. DuBois discovered that many students, with and without special needs, were unable to do the problems. What is the major problem with how Ms. DuBois taught this skill?
Not enough direct instruction on how to solve the problems was provided.
_______ is a type of graphic organizer or visual representation that reflects the structure of the content, such as stories, hierarchies (top -down and bottom -up), feature analysis, diagrams, compare/contrast, and timelines.
Concept map
A fourth -grade teacher walks up to a student and whispers, "You came quietly into class, put your homework in the "IN" box, went to your seat and took out your workbook. That's terrific Jeannine!" The teacher is using the strategy of ________.
catch "em being good
Which of the following is an example of a Tier 2 behavioral support?
group counseling
Each of the following is an early warning sign of potential for violence
*victimization by others *history of discipline problems *expression of violence against individuals in writings and drawings
"Discipline" has its root in the word "disciple," which most closely means ________.
follower of a teacher
A verbal reprimand is an example of ________.
presentation punishment
A strategy for helping students with Autism who have difficulty transitioning between activities is ________.
make high -probability requests first
Overcorrection is an example of ________.
presentation punishment
Which of the following is a true statement regarding reinforcement?
Some professionals object to using positive reinforcement with students because they fear it teaches students that they are entitled to a payoff for appropriate behavior.
Clayton hits his head o the desk when he is tired of an assignment or activity. Which function does this behavior most likely have for Clay?
communication
When using self -reinforcement, students ________.
self -evaluate and then judge whether they have earned a reward
The primary strategy for increasing appropriate behavior is ________.
reinforcement
________ is a set of procedures designed to improve educators' understanding of a problem behavior.
Functional behavior assessment
What is Low Incidences Disability?
any of the less common disabilities outlined in IDEA
What are the exceptionalities that fall under low incidence?
*multiple disabilities *hearing impairments *orthopedic impairments *other health impairments *visual impairments *deaf-blindness *autism *traumatic brain injury (TBI)
What is high incidence disability?
any of the most common disabilities outlined in IDEA
What exceptionalities fall under high incidence disability?
*Learning disabilities *speech *language impairment *mild mental retardation *serious emotional disturbance
What is differentiated instruction?
a form of instruction that meets students' diverse needs by providing materials and tasks of varied levels of difficulty, with varied degrees of support, through multiple instructional groups and time variations.
What are some examples of differentiating instruction?
*break the lesson into days *less problems *color coding steps *you can present the material in different ways *working in cooperating groups *compacting *independent contract *choice opportunities
What is self-instruction?
when the student talks themselves through the steps.
What is self-monitoring?
when students are taught to check whether they have performed targeted behavior
What is self-questioning?
when students are taught to guide their performance by asking themselves relevant questions
What is cooperating learning?
a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning of subjects. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn. Jobs could include: Time keeper, Recorder, Task Manager, Team Leader
Jigsaw
each have to learn something and share/teach each other the materials
Think-Pair-Share
thinks as individual, then pair up with and discuss what you thought and then share with the class
Three-Step Interview
each member of a team chooses another member to interview what they have learned about a topic or subject
Round Robin Brainstorming
give a question and group comes up with many answers and then shares with the class
Three Minute Review
Stop teaching and give the students 3 min to discuss the important facts the teacher just went over
Numbered Heads Together
each team member is given a number and the teacher calls on that number to answer a question
Team Pair Solo
students do a problem first, then with a partner
Accommodations for tests
*study guides *teach maybe read aloud to students *less choices
When can accommodations be used on standardized tests?
they can be used as long as the same accommodations have been used throughout the entire school year.
What are the possible LRE settings
*general education classroom *resource room *special education room *special school *hospital setting *home bound
What is collaboration?
a style of interaction professionals use in order to accomplish a goal they share, often stressed in inclusive schools
What is co-teaching?
Instructional approach in which two or more teachers or other certified staff share instruction for a single group of students with in a single classroom setting
What is true about parent advocacy groups?
*sought assistance through legislation and litigation *lobbied for increased research to address their children's disorders *focused attention on the needs of children with disabilities
Introduced for the first time in the 2004 reauthorization of IDEA, an approach for exploring whether students have learning disabilities is________.
response to intervention
In the first half of the twentieth century, a student with a relatively mild learning disability was most likely to receive instruction _______.
in a special education classroom
Least restrictive environment is a student's right to be educated in an environment ________.
that best supports his/her special physical, emotional or cognitive needs
When a student displays problematic behavior, professionals implement increasingly intensive interventions to try to clearly identify the reason for the behavior and to help the student to learn alternative behaviors that are acceptable in the school setting, an approach termed ______.
positive behavior supports
A student who has demonstrated persistent, pervasive aggressive behavior would most likely receive special education services under this category.
emotional disturbance
What is not a disease or disorder protected under the other health impairments category?
cerebral palsy
The cross-category approach means _______.
more attention is paid to a student's learning needs than to specific labels of the disability
One of the outcomes of the civil rights movement of the 1960's directly led to the passage of ______.
Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act
When schools refer to students with disabilities, they mean students who ______.
receive special education services according to federal/ state guidelines
A majority of students receiving special education services in public schools have _______.
learning disabilities
Mr. Lester has been told by his building principal that he will have three students in his class this semester who have behavior problems and two who have learning disabilities. Mr. Lester is expected to _________.
participate in determining appropriate goals included in the IEP for students with disabilities
What is true about reviewing IEP's?
*if parents bring new information to the MDT, it must be reviewed *it must be reviewed whenever a lack of progress is noted *it must be reviewed whenever reevaluation information is gathered
The role of the social worker in supporting the educational needs and services of students with disabilities is to________.
act as a liaison between the school and the family
The role of the school nurse in educating a student with disabilities is often to ________.
assist in interpreting information from physicians and other medical personnel
The specialist who focuses on developing a student's fine motor skills is the _____
occupational therapist
What would represents a specific example of an articulation of a student's unmet need?
the grade book indicates Melanie turned in only 2 out of 5 assignments
What is the primary role of the special education teacher?
*they provide direct classroom instruction to students with disabilities *they write, implement and monitor the Individualized Programs *they manage and coordinate the services a student is to recieve
The estimate of what the multidisciplinary team believes the student should be able to accomplish within a year is outlined in the ______ component of the IEP.
goals
What are the roles of an advocate on a IEP team?
*He/She acts as a spokesperson for the parent *He/She makes recommendations to the parent *He/She supports and advises the parent
Students who need supplemental instruction for less than 30% of their school day, in addition to what is offered in the general classroom would utilize ________.
a resource room
The person who is responsible for managing and coordinating the services a student receives is the ________.
special education teacher
General education teachers who engage in collaborative efforts realize that such efforts _______.
foster a sense of shared decision making, trust and respect among participants
The individual most responsible for seeing that the paraprofessional has adequate understanding of established classroom expectations is the ______.
general education teacher.
In order for collaborative efforts to work effectively, members of the collaborative team must ________.
develop tolerance of other members belief
One example of a work environment that supports collaboration is
arranged shared planning time
The co-teaching approach in which two teachers take turns, with on leading the lesson and the other gathering data to improve instructional decisions is called ________.
one teach, one observe
The principal has asked two teacher to work in collaboration to develop grade level curriculum. Both teachers have been teaching fifth grade across the hall from one another for several years, but they have very different curricular ideas. The principal has required all grade level teams to work together on this. What key element of collaboration is the principal forgetting?
it is voluntary
In order for co-teaching to be most effective, teachers must _________.
let the curriculum guide the choice of approach
What emotions do parents typically feel when they learn of their child's disability?
*optimism *grief *ambivalence
What are necessary guidelines for developing effective teacher-paraprofessional teams?
*avoiding interrupting paraprofessionals when they are engaged with students *asking paraprofessionals for ideas, suggestions and opinions * coordinating activities to increase what can be accomplished
Collaboration is defined as a group of people_______.
working in a tem that feel their contributions are valued
The co-teaching method that increases the student's opportunity for participation in responses to teacher questions is ________.
parallel teaching
Mr. Boggs reads aloud the spelling words for his fourth-grade class and his students spell out the words on their papers. This is an example of which of the following probe classifications?
hear-write
High-stakes tests ________.
are criterion-referenced
The peer comparison method of screening through probes uses the _______ to summarize the scores because it is affected less by extreme scores.
median
Accurate assessment of diverse students can be difficult because__________
they may lack exposure to test content
Teachers should assess student accuracy and rate on basic academic skills because___________
students who are proficient in a basic skill are better able to master advanced skills
This assessment determines whether a particular student's performance is different enough from peers to require further, more in-depth assessments.
screening
The primary purpose of psychological tests is to ___________.
determine whether a student has an intellectual or a particular learning problem
Charmaine's teacher sampled her reading from a passage at the fifth-grade level and found that she read at a correct rate of 43 words per minute with no errors. What is Charmaine's teacher most likely to conclude based on this information?
Charmaine has a problem with reading rate
Alternate assessments should _________.
align with state standards
Curriculum-based assessment measures the student's level of achievement related to _______.
what is taught in the classroom
The process of gathering information to monitor student progress and make educational decisions if necessary is _________
assessment
Teachers monitor student classroom behavior frequently by ________.
establishing a clear view of the class regardless of the activity
When assigned independent student practice, students are more likely to be successful if they __________.
have a desire to learn what they are practicing
What are some recommended strategies for selecting accommodations?
*select accommodations supported in the body of the professional literature *select accommodations preferred by students select novel accommodations you have not used before
What is a guideline for selecting effective textbooks?
support is provided for student comprehension
Teachers can best ensure that all students give their own responses to oral instructor questions about a lesson's content by _________.
having students indicate their responses with index cards
What component of classroom management can effectively prevent behavior problems?
predictable classroom
Immediate feedback on practice items is important so that students ___________
can make meaningful corrections of their work
What is an example that represents the order in which scaffolding must occur in order to promote higher-order cognitive strategies......
present new strategies, regulate difficulty during guided practice, provide varying contexts for practice, provide feedback, increase student responsibility and provide independent practice
When using scaffolding with students with special needs, teachers should remember to _________.
verify that the students have sufficient background knowledge and ability to learn the cognitive skill
Manipulatives and models can benefit students with special needs in what ways?
*providing physical representations of complex abstractions *helping to make connections between concepts and real-life problems *providing tangible objects to reinforce difficult concepts
In order for independent student practice to be more effective in promoting student growth and achievement, most students need to complete practice items at an accuracy rate of ________
90%
Autism spectrum disorder ____________
can exist in may forms, from mild to severe
Teachers may need to modify their teaching to accommodate the student with visual impairment by ________
reciting what is written on boards and overheads
The largest group of students with orthopedic impairments in public schools is _______.
cerebral palsy
What are characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder?
*non verbal communication problems *narrow range of interests *difficulty dealing with stress
The federal category that comprises the largest group of individuals with low-incidence disabilities receiving special education services is ________
autism
When trying to modify the learning environment to support the needs of student with hearing loss, teachers should __________
support instruction with visual aids
Students with the dual sensory impairment of deaf-blindness typically __________
need help making sense of events others take for granted
Students with traumatic brain injury typically ______
experience social difficulties
Each of the following are true of students with cerebral palsy.........
*about 10,000 infants and preschoolers are diagnosed with cerebral palsy each year *it affects a combination of limbs with varying degrees of severity *it occurs due to injury to the brain before, during, or after birth
Students with low-incidence disabilities ________
often have received special education services since birth
________ is a genetic disorder that often includes a moderate intellectual disability.
Down Syndrome
Students with orthopedic impairments ________
may need assistance with personal care
Students who demonstrate learned helplessness benefit from ________
attribution retraining
Jamie has difficulty being understood when she speaks primarily because she slurs words. Her speech problem is with ___________
articulation
The term dyslexia is used to identify serious difficulties with ___________
reading
Students who know how to act appropriate in social situations but often act impulsively benefit from ____________
self-control training
In order for teachers to effectively expand students' language through modeling, they should _______
incorporate modeling efforts into everyday communication with students
Teachers can directly teach students with communication disorders listening skills by providing practice in __________
following directions
The difficulty of students with learning and behavioral disabilities to see any connections between their efforts and success is a result of _______
learned helplessness
What was can self -image be enhanced?
*teaching self-reinforcement skills *providing corrective feedback contingent on student behavior *giving students responsibilities
The largest group of individuals with high-incidence disabilities falls into the federal disability category of _________.
learning disabilities
When students with learning and behavioral disabilities struggle with spatial organization in math, they may ___________
reverse the order of reading a math problem
Individuals with emotional disturbances have problems learning primarily because of _______
external or internal behavioral adjustment problems
What accommodations could you implement for a student with social and emotional needs?
*attribution retraining *social skills training *self-control training
Creating a school environment for collaborating with parents can be accomplished by __________
developing home learning activity packets related to your learning objectives
What group of children are at risk for school failure?
*children who are abused or neglected *children who live with a substance abuser *children who are homeless
Children born to mothers who drink heavily during pregnancy may be born with ________.
fetal alcohol syndrome
Researchers estimate ______ children grow up where alcohol or drugs are abused.
1 in 4
What are the levels of language proficiency?
*developing *expanding *bridging
Students in this group are at risk for being under-identified as gifted......
adolescent girls
Providing students who are gifted and talented with specific subject curriculum that takes them from their current level of learning and moves them forward is _____________.
acceleration
What is a feature of IDEA, but is NOT of Section 504?
contains detailed hearing and rights requirements
A disorder characterized by chronic and serious inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity is _______
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
According to recent statistics, the type of child abuse reported most often is ________.
neglect
When a textbook is not written clearly, students with special needs ________.
do not ask questions and don't employ strategies to clarify the information
Definitions __________________
should only contain words students already know
A general term for outlines, abstracts or questions that emphasize important information in the textbook is ________.
study guide
What is a suggested guideline for using the INCLUDE strategy?
ensure the questions match the instructional level
_______ is a type of graphic organizer or visual representation that reflects the structure of the content, such as stories, hierarchies (top -down and bottom-up), feature analysis, diagrams, compare/contrast, and timelines.
Concept map
What are true about graphic organizers?
*teachers can use them in all phases of instruction, from beginning to the review *they are sometimes called concept maps *they should be as simple as possible
The statement, " the purpose of today's lesson is to be able to select and sequence instructional examples" is an example of_________
an advance organizer
The amount of background knowledge students have about a content-area lesson ________
is often just as important as the instructional presentation for students' understanding of the material.
Ms. DuBois stated orally the steps that students needed to do to complete the day's math problems. Ms. DuBois then assigned the students ten problems to complete independently at their seats. Soon, Ms. DuBois discovered that many students, with and without special needs, were unable to do the problems. What is the major problem with how Ms. DuBois taught this skill?
Not enough direct instruction on how to solve the problems was provided
You can help students make discriminations between current and previous problem types by ________
adding examples of skills previously taught as soon as students can perform them without error
Smita's teacher has noticed that Smita repeatedly has difficulty completing a particular section of her spelling book. In this particular segment, students are asked to spell words that look and sound similar. Which of the following accommodations would most likely assist Smita's spelling performance?
providing more direct instruction on review words for Smita
The "SCROL" strategy _____________
teaches students to use text headings to aid comprehension and help them find/remember important information
Teacher -developed learning strategies should cue students to do each of the following.........
*do *think *self-evaluate
The "POSSE" strategy is a
reading comprehension strategy
All of the following are important to include when teaching students to use schedule books........
*teaching students to self-monitor their performance *teaching students to record daily assignments *showing students how to organize with divide tabs
What is a characteristic of an effectively designed learning strategy?
strategy reviews headings and examines boldface words
The most important part of reciprocal teaching is ___________
the teacher releasing control and turning the dialogue over to the students
A way to teach students to comprehend reading material by providing them with teacher and peer models of thinking behavior and then allowing them to practice these with their peers is ____________.
reciprocal teaching
The "WARF" strategy _________.
helps students to increase and/or adjust their reading speed
As students move up through the grades in school, the level of independence expected by teachers ______.
increases for all students
Successful use of the "SLANT" strategy ________
increases student involvement in class lectures
What strategy is used for revising essays?
SCAN
Teachers use a ________ to provide ongoing information to students and their parents.
daily activity log
Giving students a practice test _______.
helps to familiarize the class with the test format
Ms. Nevid helped her students learn their spelling by: (a) saying the word;(b) spelling it out loud three times;(c) covering the word;(d) writing it down from memory; and (e) comparing their spelling to the correct spelling. Ms. Nevid taught her students ___________.
verbal rehearsal strategy
When Eduardo takes multiple-choice tests, he tries to figure out the answer before he reads all of the choices. This is an example of what test taking strategy described in the textbook?
Anticipate the answer
Amnemonic device that uses visual imagery to make definitions and factual information more meaningful is _______________.
the keyword method
Mr. Rolin taught his geography students to think of the word "HOMES" to help them remember the names of the Great Lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior. Mr. Rolin taught his students ______.
a mnemonic device
Individualizing grading is legal for students with disabilities as long as the ________that comprise them appear on the student's IEP.
modifications
Performance-based assessment __________
provides students with opportunities to demonstrate mastery through performance of a task
Authentic learning tasks _________
are tasks that are presented within a "real world" contexts
___________ is a way of individualizing report-card grades for students with disabilities by taking into account modifications made to grade-level standards.
a standard-based grading model
When Sadie studies for a test on a chapter of a history textbook, she tries to recall five to seven key ideas to trigger her recall of more significant details. Sadie is using a memory device called _____.
chunking
The use of a "grading rubric" __________
helps students judge the quality of their own work