History 101: World Civilization (Exam 1)

rule by priest

Famous upper paleolithic cave paintings discovered in Spain

The upper level was treated better than the lower level Consisted the first law giver Each law was written down and consisted of 282 total Laws had intense punishment (EX: If caught stealing that person must be sentenced to death)

Famous paleolithic cave painting discovered in France by an 18 year old boy named Marcel Ravidat

Latin for cuneus (wedge shaped characters) Tablets used as paper to tell stories Bone or reed as stylus

Ruled by Hammurabi 3 purpose: Make Bablyonia secure, secure Mesopotamia (capital of Bablyonia), make Babylonia a place in history Combined semitic and sumer ruler roles State-controlled economy

No rural setting No written history

Written history Began in the Nile (civilization)

Each city-state had their own gods and goddess Greek for "between two rivers": Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq River created rich agricultural soil in the delta region and added crop surpluses. Sumerians lived there

New Stone Age (3000 BC) Produced their own food (farming) Urbanization Established religion

Old Stone Age (8000 BC) Discovered fire Believed in animistic (spirit animals) Hunter gathers Cave paintings Nomads, spoken language

1000 BC Replaced Stone Age Produced weapons and tools EX: wheel

1200 BC Replaced the Bronze Age Produced weapons and tools Made weapons tougher and sharper

5000 BC Neolithic people Sumerians (linguistic language) In Mesopotamia Innovations included: writing, astronomy, architecture, math, irrigation, laws Developed the 1st calender and writing

Took over Sumer in 2350 BC Semitic nomads Sargon 1 was the first ruler of the emperor Brought unity/dynasty

Sumerians religious monument that was created for their gods 128 ft tall only priest were allowed inside Daughters as prostitutes Function: 1st creation story was recorded, story of Moses, reflects on weather, no afterlife; only gods and mortals went to the underground

Religion was pessimistic (negative) Religion was polytheistic (more than one god) Believed that every god was anthropomorphic (human characteristic) Only priest were literate and could talk to gods Reflected on the wheather (EX: Heavy rain and thunder storm = angry gods)

Babylonian Noah

Babylonian God

Goddess of fertility

God of sun and justice

God of wind and storm

Temperol ruler of the Sumerian city-state

Title for king (war leader)

Legendary king who saved Sumer and Babylonians from a flood

Priest governed by a priest

Herodotus "gift from the Nile" Located in Egypt which is very dry, they got water from the Nile River Starts at the highlands of Lake Victoria Created canals, dams, irrigation ditches to control the river waters.

King wore a red crown Materials found: gold, silver and copper "The Red Land" desert, protected Egypt from enemies

White Crown King Menes conquered Lower Egypt and unified them The Black Land; fertile soil, farming areas, produced crops, wheat, cereal

Apart of the 15th and 16th dynasty Invaded Egypt and settled in the Nile Introduced new warrior tacts: horse and chariot, battle axes, bows

A system of gov. where a priest rules by a God of a god`

A person close to the pharaoh that helps advise them and makes sure everyone is doing their job

Similar to states of countries Upper Egypt 22 Nomes Lower Egypg 20 Nomes King Menes unified both Lower and Upper

The gov. of a nome

The god of the underworld

Sun god

Is the shaping f something in animal form Ex:Egyptian gods as hybrid Holy Spirit as a dove

An historian and priest who wrote the History of Egypt

Was a famous architect who designed the step pyramid Name means "the onwe who comes in peace, is with peace"

Built for King Djoser Consist of 6 steps and is 200 ft high Created by Imhotep

Was the 2nd King of the 4th Dynasty Created the Pyramid of Giza which is one of the 7th wonders of the World

6th dynasty King CCreeated the 2nd Pyramid of Giza

Famous for his pyramid tomb at Giza Smallest of 3 pyramids of Giza

Founder of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt

King of Egypt who conquered Syria and much of the Euphrates Valley and brought great wealth to Egypt.

King of Egypt (1372-1355) who rejected the old gods and initiated a monotheistic worship of the sun-god Aten.

is the belief in and worship of a single God while accepting the existence or possible existence of other deities that may also be worshipped

18th dynasty: Most famous pharaoh who took throne at 6 and ruled for 11 years Mysteriously killed Tomb discovered by Howard Carter in 1922

Thutmose III wife During the 18th dynasty Estaablished the trade networks that were destroyed by the Hyksos

Father of King Tut Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt and ruled for 17 years. construction of a new capital city which he called Amarna and he dedicated it to the sun. abandoning traditional Egyptian polytheism and introducing worship centered on the Atens

wife of Akhnaton 15 when married One of the most influential queens. Paintings show here conducting religious ceremonies with Akhenaten as an equal. Created their own religon worshiping the sun god

Took throne at age 20 and ruled for 66 years Ramses the Great for his contributions to Egypt, war campaigns to the Mediterranean and into Nubia, as well as his construction projects, such as cities, temples and tombs.

the capital of the ancient Hittite empire in Asia Minor

king of the Hittites, founder of the Hittite empire

Biblical name in Palestine Any land of promise

Jews living outside Israel

the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

is the period in Jewish history during which a number of Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia.

king of Persia founder of the Persian empire.