Scientific Knowledge is knowledge that has been
systematically gathered, classified, related, interpreted
There are many different social science disciplines with varying approaches but in understanding modern problems social scientists must
understand how the social sciences interrelate
In the social sciences very little use can be used because the investigator
cannot control the situation
The social science method that involves making a detailed examination and analysis of a particular situation is called the
case method
Human species originated in
Africa
Process of random genetic change that creates new characteristics is called
mutation
Genetic engineering including cloning technology presents society with
extraordinary difficult moral and political questions
Gathering of people into spatially and ethnically defined unit organized and run by a small group who will maintain order and defend the group
basic political institution
Leaders of early kingdoms in Egypt and Mesopotamia became
King Gods
Striking features in Roman History include engineering, political administration, and
law
The Hundred Years War from 1337-1453 was fought between
England and France
The percent of the population who died from the Black Death in Europe was
40%
In 1453, Constantinople fell to the
Turks
The Age of Revolutions (1750-1850) is referred to that because
Enormous economic and political changes
Benjamin Lee Whorf argued that each particular language embodies and propogates
a world view
Today the rate of technological change is increasing
and so is the interaction among cultures
Geography and climate are
important to consider in social change
Geography considers all of the following
why cities are located where they are, why some areas develop while others don't how technology can affect development
What do demographers believe to be true of worldwide birthrates?
Birthrates will continue to decline as they have been since 1909
In 1798 "An Essay on the Principle of Population as it Affects the Future Improvement of Society" was written by
Thomas Malthus
Gugliemo Marconi invented the radio in
1896
In 1896 Thomas Edison invented the
incandescent light bulb
The Industrial Revolution began in England about the year
1760
The production of uniform, sustainable parts is called
standardization
Interchangeability and mass production on an assembly line
decreased the price of cars in the 1920s
Today modern machine technology has created a number of jobs that require
specialized skills or knowledge
The QWERTY keyboard
served an important purpose in the past and is unnecessary today
Michael Piori has argued that new technologies will result in
Class distinctions no longer being embodied in technology
The earliest human-made wooden shelters have been dated back
400,000 years ago
The study of children who have been largely isolated demonstrates the importance of
socialization
Recent discussions of the nature/nurture debate have tended to emphasis the
complex interaction between the two
Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that each level
must be satisfied before the next is attempted
Good adjustment and normality
do not have precisely the same meaning when applied to personality
David Lykken and Auke Tellegen's study of pairs of identical twins found that regardless of their surroundings, their level of
happiness was the same
Martin Seligman argues that couples who stay together happily are ones who
see each other through rose-colored glasses
The ability of a person to understand the situation and make adjustments depending on learning and thinking is called
intelligence
Differential association theory assumes that deviation or conformity is most influenced by
group membership and interaction
A society is composed of individuals and as a whole society is
more than the sum of those individuals
A group of persons closely related by blood, marriage, or some other bond is called a
family
Marriage within the kinship or other social group is known as
Endogamy
An egalitarian family is
one with shared control
The advantage of family selection of mates is that it is more
likely to fulfill economic and social stability goals
The average number of children per family in the US has been
dropping most recently
A maxim of marriage counselors is that people don't change, or if they do, it will
be not what the other partner wants
No-fault divorces were introduced to many U.S. states in the
1970's
A women's ability to plan her pregnancies has
revolutionized family life