US History Chapter 10 – Imperialism

A stronger country taking over a weaker country for location, trade, resources...

-McKinley Tariff of 1890- tariff on Hawaiian Sugar -Supported Imperialism -President after Grover Cleveland -Responsible for: Spanish American War, Philippine American War, Annexation of Hawaii

-Member of US Navy. Believed that to have a strong country, you needed a strong military/navy, and for this it was important to gain strategic locations. -Wanted a strong navy to compete with other nations. -9 steel-hulled cruisers were built

-Put a tariff on Hawaiian sugar -Americans living there wanted to become part of the US so they could sell sugar for less, and increase their profit again! -Higher competition, then annexation.

-The belief that the US was defined to spread democracy and enlightenment /edvancement to the western world/other countries... We were destined to have this land

-Military: increase military strength with strategic locations- easier to attack and defend -New Markets: Needed places to sell- overproduction!!! -Cultural Superiority: Social Darwinism- it is natural that one country will be the best, they should get to thrive, some are stronger, they get to dominate. -Manifest Destiny

-Hawaii -Alaska -Cuba -Puerto Rico -Philippines -Panama (sort of)

-Queen of Hawaii, overthrown by Sanford B. Dole. -Hawaii for Hawaiians campaign- to eliminate voting restrictions so Hawaiians, not just white landowners, could vote -Reinstated by US, but had lost power in peoples eyes

-Overthrew Queen Liliuokalani who wanted property/voting rights for people -Created government after overthrowing her. Wouldn't back down. -Then the US took over.

-Americans upset by Maine disaster, treatment of Cubans concentration camps), also yellow journalism -War where US supports Cuba against Spain to get its independence... also Philippines -Treaty of Paris ends war- US gets Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines (pays $20 million for it), Cuba

-Cuban Rebel Leader -Provoked US and attacked American business interests, wanted us to help with the revolution against Spain

-Spanish General -Puts Cubans in concentration camps in response to revolution

-US ship coming to take Americans out of Cuba -Explodes in the harbor of Havana, Cuba. Yellow journalism makes people think Spain did it. -Large factor in the war!

-Leading newspaper man, ran the New York Journal -Yellow Journalism- You furnish the pictures... and I'll furnish the war

-Exaggerating stories to get a certain response or reaction from people, and to get more customers!!!

-Letter from Spanish diplomat, Enrique Dupuy deLome, to Spain. -Letter insulted US president. -Was intercepted, US got it. Another reason for the war.

-Commodore who took Manila, the Philippine capital. -This allows US troops to land there

-Congress allows US to go to war, as long as we don't just take Spain's place afterwards

-Volunteer cavalry unit during the Spanish American War -Lead by Theodore Roosevelt and Leonard Wood. -San Jaun Hill- they got much fame from here, even if they didn't do much...

-Strategically important hill, Rough Riders vs. Spaniards -Helped with Roosevelt's fame

-Commander of Rough Riders -Becomes president -Roosevelt Corollary (we have the right to intervene...)

-Ceasefire between US and Spain -Spain frees Cubans, gives US Guam, Puerto Rico, sells Philippines for $20 million

-This set up a civil government in Puerto Rico -President of the US appointed a governor, Puerto Rico could only elect members of the lower house. (governor elects upper house?) -Puerto Rico doesn't pay taxes, not considered a state.

-Insisted that Cuba add things to their constitution -US has the right to intervene, buy Cuban land for military, Cuba can't go into debt, and Cuba has to stay independent.

-A country whose affairs are partially controlled by another power (like Cuba)

-Cultural superiority, otherwise others will take it, it would make us look weak if we don't, they can't start their own government... -3 Year war for Philippine independence- Philippines lose 20,000 people, US loses 4,000 people and $400 mil. -US used tactics like the designated zones (just like Spain had)

-Philippine rebel leader, thought US had promised independence! -Lead resistance to the US

-Secretary of State who issued the Open Door Policy- writes Open Door Notes

-John Hay writes the Open Door Notes -Policy that all countries would get equal trading privileges in China- If not- then you threaten the survival of US because we depend on exports... -2nd Open Door Policy- said US was committed to preserving China's integrity, and that they would safeguard equal/impartial trade in all of China.

-Grover Cleveland, Andrew Carnegie, Jane Addams, Mark Twain -Reasons like racism, morally wrong, corrupted democratic beliefs (hypocritical)

-Saying to other countries, Don't interfere with countries! We will come down and intervene! If you do as we say, we have no problems.

-US paid $40 million for it from France -US ships intimidate Columbia into giving Panama independence (they wouldn't let us do it before, Columbia was in control of Panama) -Canal through Panama- reduced travel time, however many died

-Missionary Diplomacy -Was US president

-US has moral responsibility (to its people?) to not recognize Latin American country that was not friendly to American interests

-Using money to get what you want -Nicaragua- helped with debts, then fought to keep a government there that was friendly to US