United Nations (UN)
peacekeeping body of nations that replaced the League of Nations
satellite nation
country that depended on and was dominated by the Soviet Union
containment
effort to block Soviet influence by making alliances and supporting weaker nations
"iron curtain"
the division of Europe between free democratic West and the communist Soviet
Cold War
the state of hostility between the Soviet Union and the U.S. without military action
Truman Doctrine
U.S. policy of sending aid to any nation trying to prevent a communist takeover
Marshall Plan
program where the U.S. gave economic aid to rebuild postwar Western Europe
West Berlin
zones occupied by Britain, France, and the U.S. that were blockaded by the Soviets
Berlin Airlift
U.S. and British planes brought food and supplies to West Berlin
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
defense military alliance of the U.S., Canada and 10 European nations
Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
leader of the Nationalist forces in China
Mao Zedong
leader of the Communist in China
Taiwan (Formosa)
island off the coast of China where Chiang and his forces fled
38th parallel
imaginary line that divides Korea at 38 degrees north latitude
Korean War
war that began when North Korea invaded South Korea
House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)
set up by Congress to look for Communist
Hollywood Ten
people called before the HUAC who refused to testify
McCarren Act
passed by Congress to outlaw any planning that might led the U.S. to be a totalitarian dictatorship
Alger Hiss
State Department official accused by a former Soviet spy of spying for the Soviet Union
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
Americans convicted and sentenced to death for giving the soviets information about the American bomb
Joseph McCarthy
Republican Senator who claimed Communists were taking over the government
McCarthyism
the tactic of accusing people of disloyalty without evidence
H-bomb
hydrogen bomb first exploded by the U.S. in 1952
John Foster Dulles
President Eisenhower's secretary of state that supported brinkmanship
brinkmanship
the willingness to go to the edge of war
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
intelligence- gathering or spy agency of the U.S. government
Warsaw Pact
military alliance with the Soviet Union and its satellite nations
Eisenhower Doctrine
U.S. policy that stated it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country
Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet leader after Stalin who believed that communism could expand through peaceful means
Sputnik I
the Soviet's 1st artificial satellite to orbit the earth
Francis Gary Powers
American pilot shot down in his U-2 spy plane, captured and convicted of spying
U-2 incident
incident involving Francis Gary Powers that hurt Eisenhower's ability to deal with the Soviets
