US. History Exam #1

Settlers wanted to come to America to escape religious persecution, economic opportunity and to be able to be free from the rules of Great Britain and the war they had with the French.

Jamestown was one of the first cities established it is where Captain John smith (AKA John Ralph) met Pocahontas. John married Pocahontas and Jamestown and the powhattan tribe was at peace. Soon after the powhattan tribe attacked James town killing their workforce so King James took over Jamestown and declared it a royal colony and sent troops to protect it. The chief of powhattan tribe started a two year battle killing 500 colonist. Governor Berkley ordered the chief imprisoned and he was shot in the back of the head.

The raw materials that England desired from the new colonies were gold, timber, tobacco, ECT...

The Virginia Company of London started the headright system which allowed England citizens to pay their way to America and they would receive 50 acres of land. If one could not afford to go to America they became Indentured servants; once they worked off their pay they were able to get land or become free.

The House of Burgesses was modeled after the English parliament.

Powhattan tribe attacked James town killing their workforce so King James took over Jamestown and declared it a royal colony and sent troops to protect it. The chief of powhattan tribe started a two year battle killing 500 colonist. Governor Berkley ordered the chief imprisoned and he was shot in the back of the head.

Mercantilism is when the colonies provided the raw material and became a market for English goods

The navigation acts were acts that restricted the colonies from trading with other countries: -All good must be shipped on British or colonial ships -The ships must have the same crew -They are only allowed to ship good to England

The glorious revolution is where a revoultion began to remove king James. it established the supremacy of parliament over the crown, setting Britain on the path towards constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy.

British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep the American colonies obedient to England

Triangular trades was the colonies would ship good to England, England would go to Africa to get slaves, slaves would come to the colonies

In the Stono rebellion the slaves heard rumors that if they make it to Florida they would be set free. So a militia led by Gimini road to Florida and cornered runaway slaved at the stono river and decapitated them and placed their heads on a stick so that any other slaves who tried to escape there would be warned of what would happen if they tried to leave

The slaves kept uprising by burning armory and killing white so the government passed the Negro act which prevented the slaves from learning to read, meeting in groups, raising food, mad making money.

Millions of people died because they were accused of being witches. The idea of magic was against the communities view that witches do not exist only religion with god does.

The Enlightenment era was when there was burst of creativity and art and writing became very popular. It focused on new inventions, the idea of individualism, and humanism (John Locke and Thomas Paine/ Social contract & Common Sense)

The great awakening was the period in history that offered religious renewal. The people went back to the church.

Known as seven years' war. It was the British fighting against the French for land east of the original colonies. Native Americans would help decide the way the war went. Britain treated them badly and took their food and land. France was friendly with them. The Native Americans sided with the French and the British suffered losses because of guerilla warfare. British won and decided to get back at natives by giving them diseased goods. The war was officially ended with the treaty of Paris where France gives up land in Canada and territory east of Mississippi. The war left England broke and to raise taxes on the colonist again.

Proclamation of 1763 was a document used to halt westward expansion and keep the colonist east of the Appalachian.

Placed taxes on imported goods that was not taxed before

Sugar Act

Vice -admiral courts where navy courts

Stamp act put taxes on documents and printed items

Sons of liberty was a resistance groups that protested against the new acts

Townshend Act put taxes on led, paints, and brought about No taxation without representation

The Boston massacre (first man killed was free black man)

Act that closed the Boston harbor so they could not trade and brought in more troops to control the people (Closing of harbor, quarter act, marshal law)

1st continental congress (appointed G. Washington as leader)

Gage

Olive Branch petition was the last effort that congress did to restore peace before they declared independence and the war would begin.

Patriots

Loyalist

Marquis de Lafayette

General Cornwallis

Treaty of Paris

Anti-federalist were people who favored States Rights and Federalist were people who wanted ta strong federal government

-Articles of Confederation -weakness of articles of confederation; state rights, taxes, court system, nation unity

Shay's Rebellion

New Jersey plan wanted legislation based on one state one vote. Virginia plan wanted legislation based on state population

Daniel Shay was the man that led the farmers to the US arsenal in Springfield

The elastic clause allowed the constitution to be flexible without being completely thrown out

10th Amendment

Alexander Hamilton

Whiskey Rebellion

Adams wanted to avoid war with France so he sent three officials to meet with France but France seized 3 of American ships and sent low level officials to meet with the US. Adam insulted France officials by calling them XYZ. Next two years France and U.S had an undeclared war

Act created by Adams that raised the citizenship requirement to 5-14 years and allowed the president to deport anyone he feels threatens the country. The act also fined and jailed anyone for taking bad about the government

Treaty with Spain

Theory of nullification

Treaty of Ghent

Eli Whitney

Court case heard by the Supreme Court whereby Chief Justice John Marshall declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional thus, establishing the power of Judicial Review.

Panic of 1819

49ers

consumers

Embargo act

Missouri Compromise

Indian Removal ACT

First women's rights meeting in Seneca falls, New York held by two abolitionist against slavery , Cady Stanton & Lucretia Mott. Where Fredrick Douglas and 300 other men and women met to talk about Women's Rights.

States did not have the choice to choose if they wanted to be free or not. The government wanted to choose to maintain the baleen between free and slave states and the states thought that was unfair

South Carolina

First battle fought in civil war and it's where they returned to raise the flag when the war was done

Ordered McDowell to advance on the confederate army as a surprise attack but the solders were not well trained and loss because of confederate reinforcements

Fort Sumter , Bull run, Shiloh, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Sherman's march, Surrender at Appomattox

Commander of Union army, who sat at Appomattox with Lee for the South's surrender. Became president after the civil war and was surrounded with scandals. (whiskey ring, fiscal policy)

Emancipation Proclamation

Clara Barton

Greenbacks

Gettysburg address was given after the horrific events at Gettysburg. Lincoln called it hallow ground

Unpopular Conscription

Copperheads

the Merrimack

Stand Waite

Sherman's March

Shakespeare

John Brown

.Booth was to kill Lincoln in forts theater (no one would suspect him because he performed there), Lincoln security guards were at the bar across street & his right-hand body guard could not attend. George Atzerodt was to kill vice president Johnson, William Seward and James Powell were to kill Secretary of state,

Booth was to assassinate the president then run off on a horse he had waiting for him by the door. He escapes on the horse through the navy yard bridge. He meets up with Heord and they went to Lloyd's tavern leased by Mary Suratt. Were they ridden to Dr. Mudds house to fix up Booth's leg. Then they went to Samuel cox house, then crossed the Potomac River and landed at Garretts farm..................Booth was shot in the back of the head by Garret Cabot. Lewis Paine, David Herold, George Atzerodt, and Mary Suratt were hanged. Dr. Mudd was pardon by Jackson. O'Laughlen died in prison. Edman Spangler was pardoned by Johnson.

The plan stated that in order to get back into the union the states had to have at least 10% of the vote in 1860 that gave loyalty to union. Issued pardons for southern war vets

Because they depended on the north army for survival

A bill created by Sen. Benjamin Wade and Congressman Harry Davis where 50% of voting taken in 1860 had to take an iron oath to the union required a state constitutional convention before elections and created safeguards for freedmen. They represented the radical republicans.

13th says involuntary servitude and slavery is not permitted and 14th guaranteed the rights of freedmen

Andrew Johnson was white supremacist who hated aristocracy and a Jacksonian Democrat. He had the 10% plus plan that allowed the people back into union if they applied directly to him. His plan allowed the disenfranchisement of certain leading confederate; brought southern plantation owners back to power and enraged the republicans

Nickname for the northerners coming to the south to help with the newly freed blacks

Act that says that a government official cannot be removed without the senate's consent

Gave the freemen 40 acres of land a mule as a sign that they are truly free since the union has won the war and taken over southern towns

White supremacy group that used violence to stop the people from voting in order to stop the reconstruction of the country, which was taking away whites power

Slaughterhouse cases, U.S V. Cruikshank, and U.S V. Reese

Problems with reconstruction was how to pay for war, who to Taxes, what to do with the freedmen. Also which way to go about reconstruction the south.