World History chapter 15 terms

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas

Italian man who explored for Portugal and accidentally discovered the Americas in 1492

Portuguese man who was first to circumnavigate the globe

non-existent water route through the Americas to Asia searched for by the Europeans

Aztec emperor who was imprisoned and forced to sign over his land and treasure to the Spanish

System in which a mother country maintains tight control over her colonies and forbids the colonies to trade with other countries. The colonies provide the mother country with raw materials and the mother country provides manufactured goods.

Caucasian/ Indian

France claimed it in 1608, did well in the fur trade, not nearly as prosperous as the Spanish colonies

Great Britain vs France, Britain won and ensured domination of North America

African who is captured at age 11, later was freed and moved to London, wrote about his experience on the middle passage

conquered by Portugal, similar to Spanish colonies, made money off of Brazil wood

Native American woman who served as a translater and advised Cortes to team up with the Aztecs' enemys to win their land

Spanish conquerors who forced natives to convert, took their gold, and forced them to work

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs

ruled in the name of the king

land the viceroy rules

Land grants to conquistadors that included all of the people living on the land as forced laborers, plantations and mines

descendant of peninsulares

First English colony in the new world (1607)

Terrible journey across the Atlantic ocean in which hundreds of Africans were packed into small vessels

exchange of food, plants, animals and diseases between the old and new world

tax on imports that protects local businesses

Native Americans who the Spanish first encounter, kind and friendly, but Spanish capture them and claim their land

Natives had no immunity to European diseases like smallpox, killed 90%

Incan emperor who refuses to convert or become a vassal and is murdered despite his ransom

Aztec capitol, becomes Mexico City, falls in 1521

people combine investments to spread out the risk

priest who described and condemned the encomienda system

Caucasian/ African

English colony established in 1620 (pilgrims)

trade between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Europe provided manufactured goods, Africa provided slaves, America provided raw materials

pirates paid by the government to raid other counties' ships