Carolingian
The Frankish royal house named after Charlemagne
Boniface
Known as the "apostle of the Germans"
Benedict
"Father of Western Monasticism
Chivalry
A knights strict code of behavior
Lothair
Emperor of The land between east and west frankland
Charlemagne
"Charles the great", greatest Carolingian king
Pepin the short
Mayor of the palace that seized the throne in 752
Clovis
Head of the Frankish tribe, "king of the Franks"
Serf
Majority of those living on the manor; midway between ancient slave and freeman
Peace of god
Decree by which the church forbade the pillage of its property and extended protection to all non-combatants in society
Investiture
Symbolic act by which The Lord gave the vassal the right of use of a fief
Fief
Land grants given in return for service
Franks
Most powerful Germanic in the early Middle Ages; ruled by Merovingian and Carolingian house
Homage
Ceremony by which a man becomes a vassal and thus eligible for a fief
Writing
Carolingian Miniscule
Alcuin
Most distinguished scholars of Western Europe
Verdun
Treaty that split the empire into 3 separate kingdoms
Patrick
Brought the gospel to Ireland
Chastity
Celibacy
Sacrament
A religious act that grants grace
Vulgate
"Common" or "well-known"
Oath of fealty
Vow taken by a vassal pledging faithfulness in their lord
Louis the German
Received easy frankland
Do nothing kings
Seventh-century Merovingian kings who reigned but did not rule
Vassal
Recipient of a fief who owned alliengance to a lord
Charles the bald
Receive west Frankland
Land ownership
Lords had fiefs, vassals had parts on the fiefs
Subinfeudation
Parceling out portions of a fief to gain the services of lesser nobles
Institution at the heart of medieval society
Castle
Mayor of the palace
Principal palace official under the Merovingian house
Battle of Tours
Battle that stopped Muslim expansion
Monks
Took vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience to the the abbot
Lords
Landholding noble in feudalism
Secular clergy
Leaders if the church; conducted religious services
Laity
Those who did not take "holy orders"
Missi Dominici
Messengers sent in pairs by Charlemagne throughout his empire to ensure the enforcement of his policies on the local level
Relic
An object from the past
Transubstantion
Roman Catholic belief that during the Holy Eucharist that priest transforms the bread and wine into the actual blood and body of christ
Leo
Hailed as pope of Rome
Manor
The center of medieval society, a self contained farming controlled by a lord and farmed by a peasant
Feudalism
A political system in which local rulers offered the people protection in return for their service
Tournaments
Mock war; included two types of contests, the joust and melee
Aix-la-Chapelle
Center of learning in the realm
Investiture
Symbolic act by which The Lord gave to the vassal the right of use of a fief
Demesne
The land reserved for the lord
Charles Martel
Charles"the hammer", became famous for the battle of tours