Third Rome
Moscow, Russia was called this; a Russian myth that Moscow was ordained to succeed Rome and Constantinople as the center of true Christianity
Forbidden City
Beijing. a city in China that was restricted to everyone but the royal family.
Haiku
3 unrhymed lines (5, 7, 5) usually focusing on nature
czar
A Russian emperor
daimyo
A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai
kabuki
A popular type of Japanese drama combined with music and dance, it is the type of theatre in Japan(Played buy all male actors)
Myanmar
a mountainous republic in southeastern Asia on the Bay of Bengal
"Window on the West"
St. Petersburg, a city built on newly conquered lands near Baltic Sea
sakoku
Japan's self-imposed isolation from the outer world that lasted 2 centuries until 1854
java
a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans
Siam
a country of southeastern Asia that extends southward along the Isthmus of Kra to the Malay peninsula
Boyars
Russian landholding aristocrats; possessed less political power than their western European counterparts
Jesuit
a member of the society of Jesus, a religious order founded in the early A.D. 1530s by St. Ignatius of Loyloa
Samurai
A Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy
Shogun
a hereditary military dictator of Japan
Matteo Ricci
Jesuit priest that went to China and impressed the officials with their European science
Zheng He
An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa
Matthew Perry
A commodore in the American navy. He forced Japan into opening its doors to trade, thus brining western influence to Japan while showing American might.
Hohenzollern family
The house that ruled Prussia, they gradually won control over the Brandenburg through mariages, giving them control of German principalities in central and western Germany.
Frederick William II
Prussia's most famous king who became involved in a costly war with France (1744-1797)
Hapsburg family
Controlled Austria, Hungary, and parts of the Holy Roman Empire. They stayed in power over 700 years (until WW1)
Maria Theresa
Empress of Austria, 1740-1780, made sure all her children were educated, did away with forced labor for peasants of Austria, the reforms made-brought greater equality for Austrian society
Marie Antoinette
Queen of France (wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular for her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)
Romanov family
Russian family that came to power in 1613 and ruled for three centuries.
Peter the Great
Czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government
Vitus Bering
Danish navigator and explorer. He led several Russian expeditions to determine whether Asia and North America were connected by land. The Bering Sea and Bering Strait are named after him.
Catherine the Great
Russian Empress from 1762 to 1796, added new lands to Russia, encouraged science, art, literature, Russia became one of Europe's most powerful nations
Ming Dynasty
Chinese dynasty between 1368-1644. Economy flourished, Border Policy was good, but not well enough enforced, as they were taken over by the Manchu from the North in 1644; name means "brilliant"; called the last dynasty of China because the last pure Chinese dynasty and one of the great ones
Qing Dynasty
known as the Manchu (Manzhou); , (1644-1911 CE), the last imperial dynasty of China which was overthrown by revolutionaries; was ruled by the Manchu people: began to isolate themselves from Western culture
Francis Xavier
Led Jesuit missionaries to Asia where by 1550 thousands of natives had been converted to Christianity in India, Indonesia, and Japan
Tokugawa family
A powerful family in Japan that ruled as shoguns, 1603-1867, characterized by a samurai ruling class, urbanization, and the growth of a merchant class. Top-down approaches worked to solve environmental problems.
Hongwu
First emperor of the Ming Dynasty in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry
Kangxi
Chinese Qing emperor (r. 1661-1722) who promoted Confucian ideas and policies and expanded the Qing empire (Captured Taiwan, Mongolia, and parts of Central Asia- Tibet)
Berlin
Capital of Prussia
Prussia
A small part of the Holy Roman Empire, but due to the strong leadership of the Hohenzollern royal family super power of Europe and the basis for the future nation of Germany
Moscow
Capital of Russia; became the most important city in Russia after the Mongols were defeated
Black Sea
Sea located between Europe and Asia north of Turkey.
Vienna
Capital of Austria
St. Petersburg
Built by Peter the Great; a new place and a new capital city; "window on the West" (port to Baltic Sea)
Baltic Sea
a sea in northern Europe
Ottoman Empire
Austria's powerful non-Christian enemy
Beijing
Capital city of the Ming Dynasty; became famous with its center known as the "Forbidden City"
Tokyo
The capital and largest city of Japan; formally known as Edo
Nagasaki
The only place the few foreigners could live in Japan
Kyoto
The capital city of medieval Japan.
Edo
capital city of Japan during the rule of Tokugawa shoguns; modern day Tokyo
Philippines
Spanish
Indonesia
Netherlands
Singapore
Britian
Vietnam
French
Burma
Britian
Alaska
Russia
List 3 ways Peter the Great tried to Westernize Russia
Men taxed unless they shaved their beards, women had to wear different clothes, and tried to force Western customs upon the nobility.
Which Eastern European nation later unified Germany?
Prussia
What was the reason for the War of the Austrian Succession?
So Maria Theresa could keep her throne. She kept throne, but lost a lot of territory to Prussia
From which civilization and religion does Russia get its culture?
Rome and Catholic, also known as the 3rd Rome
What practice increased during the rule of Catherine the Great? What did this show?
Feudalism and Orthodox Christian, she was born in Germany
What did Ming China's Maritime Expeditions say about China?
They were the most impressive accomplishments of the Ming Dynasty lead by Cheng Ho; Their largest ships were the most advanced ships on earth with watertight compartments; Some scholars believe that his ships may have even visited the Americas
Why did those expeditions cease?
Chinese officials thought these voyages were a waste of money which was needed for defense and their luxurious capital city
What was an area of study that Europeans were interested in but Qing China was not?
hard sciences and technology
Which Japanese ruler tried to build an empire by first attacking Korea?
Zheng He
Which Asian nation persecuted Christianity severely?
Japan
Which Asian nation was ultimately the most fertile ground for Christian missionaries?
China
How was the general attitude of China toward the West different from the attitude of Japan toward the West after the visit of Matthew Perry?
China wanted more people, but Japan wanted to stick to customs
Which Southeast Asian nation was not colonized by the West? Why?
Thailand, because they did not want a change, and strongly were against it